Aluminum Zinc Oxide

// Evidence: Binding agents provide cohesion and structural integrity in compressed or formed solid products. These include hydrophilic binders (gums, cellulose derivatives, PVP) that swell and create adhesive films, lipophilic binders (waxes, oils) that melt and solidify to cement particles, or polymeric binders. The mechanism involves particle-particle adhesion through van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, or mechanical interlocking.

// Evidence: Bulking agents increase product volume while maintaining low density. These include low-density powders (hollow microspheres, perlite, expanded polymers), aerogels, and materials with high specific volume. Mechanism involves entrapping air within particle structures or creating open, porous networks. In hair products, bulking agents coat individual strands, increasing diameter and creating space between hairs.

// Evidence: Deodorants combat body odor through antimicrobial action against odor-causing bacteria (Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus), odor absorption/adsorption, enzymatic inhibition, or masking with fragrance. Active ingredients include antimicrobials, odor absorbers (zinc ricinoleate, cyclodextrins), and fragrances. They prevent bacterial conversion of sweat components into volatile malodorous compounds without reducing sweat volume.